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Home		Paleolithic	HISTORY OF SEX
Activism & Sex		Cave Peoples
Arts & Sensuality	TIME LINE		Minoans of Crete
Commercial Sex	Mesopotamia	Minoans of Crete
Contraception	Ancient Egypt	Myceneans of Greece	The Minoan culture on Crete
Disabilities/Illnesses	Ancient India		is generally divided into
Dysfunctions	Ancient China	Etruscans of Italy	three time frames: Early
Human Body	Early Biblical	Sicani/Siculi of Sicily	Minoan civilization (2500 BC
History of Sex	Early Mediterranean	Iberians/Celts of Spain	to 2100 BC), Middle Minoan
Law & Sex	Ancient Greece		(2100 BC to 1700 BC) and
Love & Intimacy	Incan Empire	Dorians: South	Late Minoan. The Minoans
Paraphilias	Aztec Empire	Aegean Islands	had no written language,
Pleasures of Sex	Mayan Empire	Ionians: North Aegean	thus, we can only deduce
Pregnancy	Native Americans	Amazons	their customs from their
Relationships	Roman Empire		artwork, pottery, and
Religion & Sex	Middle Ages	Phoenician Empire	sculptures. Both Early and
Research	Renaissance/Reformation		Middle Minoan periods were
STDs	Puritans	Persian Empire	entirely matrilineal. There
Societies	Victorianism		are two present theories about
Variances	Adolf Hitler		Minoans and their focal deity
Violence	Kinsey - 1950s		(deities). In all artifacts and
	Sex Revolution-60s		archaeology digs of these two
			time frames, the Palace erected
			for the Minoan goddess is the
			central feature of their entire

civilization. The goddess is represented with animals, with birds, with snakes, with baetylic pillars, with
sacred trees, with poppies, and with lillies. She is depicted with the sword, with the double-axe, as a huntress,
as a goddess of sports, as an armed goddess. The goddess presided over dances, as the goddess with both male and
female attendants. The goddess had dominion over the mountains, the earth, the sky and the sea. The goddess had
dominion over life and over death. She was a household goddess, a vegetation goddess, a mother and a maid. She
was a moon-goddess and a fertility goddess. The two theories behind the goddess is that either this was a
monotheistic society, with only one deity, the goddess who ruled over everything. Or each time the goddess was
depicted in rule over different things, then it was a different goddess, and the society was polytheistic,
worshipping goddesses only. During the first two periods, the goddess/es had no male counterpart, no male deity.
Only the women seemed to bear arms with no representation of any man with weapons.

During these two time frames, every household had her emblem depicted with a snake as a protectress of the
household. Women would offer sacrifices such as goats, pigs, doves and the hare when she was depicted as the
moon goddess or a fertility goddess. Ritual dances for the goddess were depicted in open fields of lillies.
When the goddess was enthroned, she is depicted as being offered a bouquet of lillies from attendants.
Lillies have often in other cultures been a check to menstruation and fertility. Poppies have always been a
symbol of barreness or infertility.

In the Late Minoan period we see the first appearance of her male counterpart, a male deity. At first he is
a secondary deity associated with crops and seeds. As crops grew, so did this male deity. Later he became a
warrior god depicted with a bow, a spear, and a shield. In the Late Minoan period emerges a new type of
festival of the solar bull (the new male god) and the lunar cow (the female goddess). It is a sexual festival
where both the men and women dance, wearing bull and cow masks.

It is believed that from this evolved the early Zeus and Hera of Ancient Greek mythology. Hera was originally
a cow goddess. Zeus was the sun disguised as a bull or a solar bull. And since both Minoan archaeology and
Greek myth point to the cave peoples as the predecessors of the Minoans or their mother cult, Rhea, the mountain
Paleolithic cave people's goddess (sculpted in pregnant figurines) is seen as the mother of Zeus and Hera.

For Further Readings on the Minoans:

Grant, Micheal. (1969) The Ancient Meditterranean. Great Britain: Ebenezer Baylis & Son.
MacKenzie, Donald. (?old book, no publishing date to be found) Myths of Crete and Pre-Hellenic Europe.
London: Gresham Publishing Co. Ltd.
Nilsson, Martin. (1968) Minoan-Mycenaen Religion. Denmark: Villadsen og Christensen.
Persson, Axel. (1942) The Religion of Greece in Prehistoric Times. Los Angeles: University of California.
Willetts, R. F. (1962) Cretan Cults and Festivals. New York: Barnes and Noble.

Minoan Links

Ancient Greece
Minoan Aegean World
Minoan Links
Minoan Religion

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